{-tíe } |
| /dú/ |
‘height’ |
/dú-tíe/ |
‘lengthwise’ |
| /sú:/ |
‘inside’ |
/sú:-tíe/ |
‘internal’ |
| /púo/ |
‘outside’ |
/púo-tìe/ |
‘external’ |
| /và:n/ |
‘sky’ |
/vàn-tíe/ |
‘heavenly’,
‘heaven wards’ |
| /hnúoi/ |
‘earth’ |
/hnúoi-tìe/ |
‘wordly’,
earth-ward’ |
| {-lèm} |
|
|
|
| /hmé:l/ |
‘appearance’ |
/hme:l-lèm/ |
‘more
likely’ |
| |
|
|
(from
appearance) |
| {-a}
or {na-} or {a-} |
|
|
| /ín/ |
‘home’ |
/ín-à/ |
‘of
home’, ‘homely’ |
| /náupá/ |
‘child’ |
/náupa-na/ |
‘childish’ |
| |
|
/naupa-a/ |
‘of
child’ |
| /pàsál/ |
‘man’ |
/à-pásà/ |
‘manly’ |
| /nùhmèi/ |
‘woman’ |
/à-núhmèi/ |
‘womanly’ |
| |
|
|
|
|
The
prefixal use of {à-} is a specialty
here. The last two examples, /à-pásàl/ and /à-núhmèi/
may also mean ‘her husband’ and ‘his wife’ respectively |
{-ták}
or {-dèu}
|
|
|
| /mìvàr/ |
‘wise
man’ |
/mìvàr-ták/ |
‘very
wise man’ |
| /mìthíem/ |
‘learned
man’ |
/mìthíem-dèu/ |
‘very
learned man’ |
| /mìdúm/ |
‘black
man’ |
/mìdúm-déu/ |
‘very
black complexioned’ |
| /mìlìen/ |
‘big
man’ |
/mìlìen-tàk/ |
‘very
big man’ |
| /mìsúol/ |
‘bad
man’ |
/mìsúol-tàk/ |
‘very
bad character’ |
| /mììhà/ |
‘good
man’ |
/mì há-ták/,
or |
|
| |
|
/mìhá-déu/ |
‘very
good man’ |
| /lál/ |
‘chief’ |
/lál-ták/ |
‘very
powerful chief’ |
/th :dí/ |
‘work’ |
/th:dí-ták/ |
‘very
appropriate work’ |
| {-tìn} |
|
|
|
| /ní/ |
‘day’ |
/ní-tín/ |
‘per
day, daily’ |
| /sù:n/ |
‘day’ |
/sù:n-tìn/ |
‘every
day’ |
| /kùm/ |
‘year’ |
/kùm-tìn/ |
‘yearly’ |
| /ká:r/ |
‘week’ |
/ká:r-tín/ |
‘weekly’ |
| |
|
|
|
|
The
derivatives with {-tin} have the potentiatity of being
used as adverbs as well. |
| 3.5.2.2 |
Derivation
of Nouns from Adjectives |
|
Hmar
also has a counter mechanism of deriving nouns from
adjectives. This is done both by prefixation and suffixation.
Given below are few examples : |
| {mí-} |
‘person’ |
|
|
| /lìen/ |
‘big’(wide)' |
/mì-lìen/ |
‘respected
person’ |
| {-ná} |
‘noun
indicator’ |
|
|
| /mo:l/ |
‘simple’ |
/mò:l-ná/ |
‘simplicity’ |
| /mìtìndél/ |
‘blind’ |
/mìtìndél-ná/ |
‘blindness’ |
| /róupúi/ |
‘grand’ |
/róupúi-ná/ |
‘grandeur’,
‘glory’ |
| /mó:i/ |
‘beautiful’ |
/mò:i-ná/ |
‘beauty’ |
| /vàr/ |
‘wise’ |
/vàr-ná/ |
‘wisdom’ |
| /tà/ |
‘good’ |
hàt-ná/ |
‘goodness’ |
| |
|
|
|
|
| 3.5.2.3 |
Derivation
of Verbs from Adjectives. |
|
In
Hmar, as in many other Tibeto-Burman languages, some
adjectival roots function as verb roots too. In addition
to this, it also has a mechanism to derive verb roots
from adjective roots. Here the process is prefixation.
|
