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thth-la-  ‘stammer’

lm-ka- 

‘lengthen’

khng-f- 

‘cough’

bij-f

‘cultivate’

khUrk-f 

‘itch’


3.3.1.5.


Compound stems:
 

Besides simple verb stems there are also compound verb stems formed from two or more verbal bases as well as nominal base followed by verbal stem.
 


These are composed of a nominal element plus one or more verbs and in such stems the nominal element occurring as first member determines the meaning of the verb. Where there are two verbal bases in a conjunct verb then the verbalizer is followed by one of the intensifiers.
 

A few examples of conjunct stems are :
 

Noun+verb

i

l

‘adopt’

psInd 

kr-

‘like’

yad 

kr- 

‘remember’

Istmal 

kr-

‘use’

razi 

kr- 

‘please’

rakh

kr- 

‘protect’

ch

mar- 

‘overflow’


Adjective+verb

mzbur 

kr- 

‘urge’

bh

kr-

‘gather’

bnd 

kr- 

‘stop, close’

knni 

kr- 

‘separate’

kimti 

l

‘buy’

dàro 

de- 

‘lend’

In the language the verbal compound stems are formed with the help two to three verbal bases and the main meaning of the verb is reflected by the first member and the mood, aspect are reflected by the inflection of the second member in a two member compound verb. There first member can be either of the verb stems like intransitives, transitive or causative etc. The compound verbal stems are of various types depending on the form of the members.
 

(a) Most of the compound verbal stems are constituted of bare verbal stem as the first member followed by verbal intensifiers as the second member. These member, thus marks a kind of aspect and the agreement rule is shown by them. In the language the intensifiers are /a/ ‘come’, /ja-/ ‘go’ /cl-/ ‘move’ /cho-/ ‘leave’, /r-/ ‘live’ /de/ ‘give’, /l-/ ‘take’ and /sk-/ ‘can’. It is not easy all the verbal bare stems do not take all the intensifiers except /sk-/ ‘can’ and /r-/ ‘live’ which can occur with all the bare stems. /sk/ cannot inflect for imperatives in such a combination and /r-/ only inflects for perceptive participle in such a combination. There are some co-restrictions on the occurrence of intensifiers in combination with the bare stems and these are semantically conditioned. For example /cho-/ ‘leave’ /de-/ ‘give’

 

 

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