‘even though he cultivated paddy he could
not get good yield’
go-neg.-p.t.
m
mi aki mi bibsne
hojalopa m
he acc. dog acc. give-p.t. conce. he
hembyobma
be happy-neg.
‘even though he gave him a dog, he was not
happy’
Causal
Constructions
Causal
clauses are derived from underlying sentential structures. The occurence
of the caused event depends on the causing event given in the causal
clause. Causal clause occurs in the sentence initial position followed
by the between the component sentences.
o
acido hopa o
api
dma
‘because I am sick I did not eat
rice’
I sick-exist cau. rice eat-neg.
m
acido hopa m
hospital ine
‘because he is sick, he went to hospital’
he sick-exist cau. he hospital go-p.t.
m
mi mxagko
hopa dambne
‘because he leads a wrong life he was beaten’
he acc. do wrong cau. beat-p.t.
m
mdo
hoko hopa ago ho lilama
‘because of rain he could not go out’
he rain fall cau. out loc. go out-neg.
Adverbial
Clause
Underlying
sentential structures of adverbial clause in Apatani contains noun
phrases that are co referential to the matrix NP. Hence, the embedded
NP is deleted. The clause functions as a part of the verb phrase
and is complementary to the main verb. The adverbial clauses are
formed by adding ‘la/lala’ the embedded verb.
mtala so
ane
‘he, having drunk the beer, came
here’
he beer drink-adv. here come-p.t.
m
uyi bone lulala ine
'having told the story, he went’
he story one tell-adv. go-p.t.
Passive
Constructions :
Passive
constructions are formed in Apatani by adding ‘ko’ to
the verb and the instrumental marker ‘lo’ to the subject
NP of the active sentence which loses its subject status as a result
of passivization. When active sentences are passivesed either the
direct object or the indirect object can take the subject position
in the passive sentence.
ajim
o
acido hopa 
