yalyo jiro ho aki do hla
pyu mi
Yalyo Ziro loc. reach-exist quo.news acc. o
cindu I know-exist
‘I know the news that Yalyo reached Ziro.
Nominalization
:
We
have already seen that verbs can be converted to nouns by adding
nominalizer ‘n’
to the verbs (See, section on word formation). Sentences also can
be nominalized by adding the nominalizer to the verb and adding
genitive marker to the subject noun. There are certain parallels
between relativization and nominalzation in Apatani.
mka
alyi latun
he-gen. pig catch-nom.
‘his catching the pig’
mka
akun
he-gen. come-nom.
‘his coming’
Purposive
Clause Constructions :
There
are instances where sentences are embedded as purposive clauses.
In the process, the purposive marker ‘pa’ is added to the embedded
verb and the embedded sentence is transformed to a noun phrase.
mlu
sinima katepa ine.
they film see-pur. go-p.t.
‘they went to witness the film’
m
hime mi gotepa ine
he child acc. take-pur. go-p.t.
‘he went to take the child’
si lupa
‘this is for saying’
this say-pur.
sikasi mempa
this kill-pur
‘it is for killing’
o
alyi mi mempa
I pig acc. kill-pur.
‘I am for killing the pig’
Comparative
Constructions
The
comparatives (that indicates the resemblances of objects or actions)
are formed by adding ‘cika’
to the one with which something else is compared.
m
hime cika
xedu
he child like cry-exist
‘he cries like a child’
m
luca cika
indu.
he lame man like walk-exist
‘he walks like a lame man’
dumi yalyo cika
oho do
Dumi Yalyo like tall exist
‘Dumi is tall like Yalyo’
Degrees
of Comparison :
Different
markers are used to form comparative and superlative degrees of
comparison.
The
comparative degree constructions are formed by adding the accusative
marker followed by the comparatie degree indicator ‘tr’
to the one with which the other is compared.
la
pyu mi
o
cindu I know-exist
ka
alyi latun
