| |
|
|
| |
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|
| 4.8.
Quantifiers: |
|
The Quantifiers in Angami are : |
(1) hu
‘some’
(2) huy
‘a little ; a few’ |
(3) k kr
‘many’
(4) pt
‘all’ |
| |
|
huy
with the diminutive suffix -y
denotes a smaller quantity than hu |
dz hu ‘some water’ |
|
dz huy
‘a little water’ |
ls d
hu ‘some books’ |
|
lsd
huy ‘a few books’ |
ih mi
hu ‘some people |
|
thmi
kkr ‘many people |
|
m kkr ‘many mangoes’ |
|
lsd
kkr ‘many books’ |
 k
pt
(k)
‘we all’ |
|
thv
pt(k)
‘all pigs’ |
|
lsd
pt(k)
‘all books’ |
|
|
The Quantifiers hu,
huy
and kkr
do not take -k, the
plural marker as a rule. It is optional with pt
‘all’. |
| |
| 5.0.0.
The Adjective |
|
Angami like Japanese has no morphological form-class of
adjectives. Under the larger class ‘Noun Attribute’ are subsumed
quantifiers, numerals, demonstratives and verbs or verbal
participles which function as noun attributes of quality. These
verbs or verbal participles functioning as Noun attributes of
quality will be called ‘adjectives’ in this grammar. |
| |
(1) Verbs functioning as adjectives |
| ks
|
‘new’ |
t
|
‘black’ |
kt |
‘equal’ |
kr
|
‘white’ |
| kthkr
|
‘funny’ |
d
|
‘plump’ |
|
| |
|
(2) Verbal particliples functioning as adjectives. This is a
much larger class. A typical Angami adjective is formally a
verbal (relative) participle. |
 i
|
‘to die’ |
ki
|
‘dead’ |
z v
|
‘to be beautiful’ |
kzv
|
‘beautiful’ |
| zu
|
‘to be ugly’ |
kziu
|
`ugly' |
| v
’ |
‘to be good’ |
kv |
‘good |
|
|
u
|
‘to be bad’ |
ku
|
‘bad’ |
| rkri
|
‘to be tall’ |
kr kri
|
‘tall’ |
| r
|
‘to be costly’ |
kr
|
‘costly’ |
 
|
‘to be rich’ |
k
|
‘rich’ |
|
| |
|
(3) Substantives functioning as adjectives. They precede the
head noun, unlike the other adjectives. |
kci
s z
|
‘stone wall’ |
kkhri
c l
|
‘love poem’ |
| s
mz
|
‘wood(en) table’ |
| khrw
k |
‘glass house’ |
| krie
ki |
‘bamboo house’ |
|
| |
|
5.0.1 It should, however, be noted that there is no
formal criterion to distinguish between N+N phrases from N+N
compoud words. |
|
|
5.0.2 Some descriptive adjectives belong to both the
categories. |
| t
|
or |
kt
|
‘black’ |
| kr
|
or |
kkr
|
‘white’ |
| d
|
or |
kk
|
‘plump’ |
| z |
or |
kz |
big’ |
|
| |
| 5.1.0
Concord : Concord between the adjective (the verbal participle)
and the substantive is optional. Generally, the adjective is not
declined to agree with the substantive. But for emphasis or to
clearly distinguish the gender of the substantive, the gender
marker pf and the
diminutive marker y
are added to the adjective in agreement with the substantive. |
| |
thpf y1
kv2
pu3
> thpfny1
kvy2
pu3
‘a3good2boy1’ |
thn ny1
kzv2
pu3
> thnny1
kzvpf2
pu3
‘a3beautiful girl1’ |
|
1
nypf3
kmyi3
> 1
nypf2
kmyipf3
‘my1 famous3
daughter2’ |
|
| Otherwise,
adective uaually follows the substantive that is qualifies. |
|
| thmi1,
klu2
‘fate2man1’ |
| thnny1
kmh2
‘shy girl’ |
| tf1
kt2
‘black2dog1’ |
| k1
kz2
kzv3
‘big2beautiful3
house1’ |
| |
The
Number marker and the article follow the adjective. |
|
lsd1
kv2-k3
‘the3good2books1’ |
| tku1
kt2-ni
3‘the two3black2
sheep1’ |
| ny1
kzv2
pu3
‘one3handsome2boy1’ |
tf1
kkr 2-3
‘the3white2dog1’ |
| |
| Numerals,
demonstratives and quantifiers follow the adjective in that
order. |
| |
| lsd1
kv2
ph3
‘five3good2books1’ |
mz 1
kz2
s3
‘three3big2tables1’ |
lsdA1
kv2
mpf 3
sk4
pt(k)5
‘All5 those4 twenty3
good2books1’ |
|
|
| The
structure of Noun+Modifier constructions may be formalized as |
| |
| N
±adj.±numera±dem.
±quantifier ±
number marker |
