| |
|
|
4.1.4 Among
the decades, k r
‘ten’ and m pf
‘twenty’ are the only absolute forms. The others are derived. |
| |
(i) sr
‘thirty’ is formed by adding kr
‘ten’ to s ‘three’
with the obligatory ommission of k. |
| |
| (ii)
Cardinals denoting forty, fifty etc. upto ninety are formed by
prefixing hi to the
respective basic cardinals. hi
may be considered a suppletive allomorph of kr’ten’. |
| |
| 4.1.5 The
meaning of the morphemes in derived decades is the opposite of
the one noted for other compound numerals. |
| |
| sr
|
: 3 X10 |
: 30 |
| hidi
|
: 10X 4 |
: 40 |
hiph
|
: 10X 5 |
: 50 |
hithth
|
: 10X 8 |
: 80 |
|
| |
| 4.1.6 There
are two obsolete or archaic devices of forming the compound
numerals. |
| |
| (i) kr
an empty morph may be redundantly added to the first cardinal of
the decades. |
| |
mpf
pu kr
|
‘twenty one’ |
| hiph
pu kr
|
‘fifty one’ |
|
| |
(ii) The
juxtaposition of a decade and pm
and a basic cardinal in that order will mean a number equivalent
to the previous decade plus the basic cardinal which occurs to
the right of pm |
| |
| Thus, |
| |
| mpf
pm
thni |
| 20 pemo 7 |
: 10+7 |
: 17 |
| |
sr
pm
thth
|
| 30 pemo 8 |
: 20+8 |
: 28 |
|
| |
4.2 The
ordinal is formed by suffixing -pf
if the head noun is human feminine and -
if it is non human-feminine. |
| |
k mi
spf
|
‘my third wife’ |
|
nypf
knipf
|
‘my second daughter’ |
| kni
|
‘second’ |
| s
|
‘third’ |
| hiph
|
‘fiftieth’ |
|
| |
| The ordinal
of the cadinal pu
‘one’ is kri
or kripf
‘the first’ which literally means ‘the one who is in front’. pu
the logical ordinal, though possible, is seldom used. It means
‘number one’ in the series ‘no 1, no. 2, no. 3. . . . . . . .’
rather than ‘first’. |
| |
| 4.3 The
Distributive numeral is formed by reduplication of the root, if
monosyllabic and by reduplication of the final syllable, if
polysyllabic. |
| |
| kni
|
‘two’ |
knini
|
‘two each’ |
| s
|
‘three’ |
ss
|
‘three each’ |
| thpf
|
‘nine’ |
thpfpf
|
‘nine each’ |
| kr
|
‘ten’ |
krr
|
‘ten each’ |
|
| |
| 4.4 The
Iterative or Multiplicative numeral is formed by preposing d
to the cardinals. |
| |
| d
kni
|
‘double’ |
| d
s |
‘three times’ |
| d
di |
‘four times’ |
|
| |
| 4.5 The
Collective numeral which denotes a set or a subset of a set is
formed by suffixing the plural marker -k
to the numeral. |
| |
| hik
sk
|
‘three of us’ |
 k
srk
|
‘six of them’ |
k
pt k
|
‘all of us’ |
|
| |
| 4.6 The
numeral adverb is formed by preposing v
to the cardinal. |
| |
| v
pu |
‘once’ |
| v
kni
|
‘twice’ |
| v
s |
‘thrice’ |
|
| |
| 4.7 Partitive numerals or fractions are formed by prefixing z
‘part’ in the following manner : |
| |
| z
di z
pu : Out of four
parts, one part : ¼ |
| part-four
part-one |
pu
d z
di z
pu :
¼ |
| z
s z
pu : Out of three
parts, one part : 1/3 |
| kni
d z
s z
pu : 21/3 |
| puti
denotes ‘half’ |
| s
d puti
: three and a half : 3½ |
|
|
