| III |
Comparison of Abujmaria and the Ma ia
Dialect of Chanda |
Given below are some of the features which clearly
establish Abujhmaria as a distinct Dialect from that of Ma ia
dialect of Chanda as described by Veena(1962). |
| (1) In the
phonemic inventory both the dialects have the same number of
vowels - five short and five long vowels. But in Maia,
Short vowels which occur word-finally are said to lengthen their
duration before the plural mophemes, whereas in Abujhmaria,
all the vowels word -finally are pronounced half-long. With
regard to consonants, voiced velar fricative // and a glottal
stop /?/ are found phonemic in Maia
dialect only. |
|
(2) In both dialects vowel clusters are not found. There are instances where /py/, /ty/ and /ky/ occur as syllabue onsets in Maia a dialect. In Abujhmaria they are two instances of intial consonant clusters /rr/ and /gy/ as in the examples: /tra:s/ ‘snake’and / /gya:ra:/ ‘eleven’.
|
(3) In Maia dialect /k/ does not occur as a cluster with / /, /g/ does not occur with /r/ and // ,// does not occur with /r/ ; so also /l/ not with /d, c, j/, /r/ not with /d, c/ and // does not form a cluster with /c/, wherein in Abujhmaria these are all possible clusters.
|
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(4) The table given below shows the grammatical differences found in these two dialects.
|
|
Maia |
Abujhmaria |
Mas. gender
suffix sg. |
-n, -in |
-al, -i:, -o:, -e: |
Non-masc.
suffix sg. |
-t,- |
-a:, -i: |
| Masc.pl. |
-lo:r, -o:r, -r |
-lo:r,-r |
| Non-masc.pl. |
- , - -ku, -sku |
-,-k, -sk |
| Far-remote demonstrative |
-e:gu (masc. sg.)
-e:ru (masc. pl.)
-e:du (n. masc. sg.)
-o:vu (n. masc.pl.) |
|
| Remote demonstrative |
-e:gu (masc.sg.) e:r
-i:ru (masc. pl.) e:rlo:r |
|
| Accusative |
-nu, -inu, -unu |
-n, -un, -kun |
| Dative |
-?ku, -ku,
-u?ku, -?, -i |
-kun, -n |
| Locative |
-e:ke, -aga,-e |
e:(which is also instrumental suffix) |
| Ablative |
aga?u, a?u,
e?na?u |
-a:h |
| Genitive |
-a: |
-a: |
I person:
incl. pl.
excl. pl. |
-o:m
-a: |
-o:m
ma: |
| Dravidian cardinal num. |
upto seven |
upto six |
| Num. twenty |
vi:sa: |
ko:i: |
| Num. thirty |
daha vi:sa: |
ea ko:i: |
Oblique
suffixes |
---- |
-d, -t, -, -n,
-e,ø |
| Causative |
i?,pi?,a? |
-h, -ih, -t |
| Double Causative |
---- |
-t, -iht |
| Past suffix |
-t |
-t |
Future
suffix |
-k, -n, -e:n,
-ve:n, -e:r, -vo:r
-e:, -ve:, -a: |
-a:k, -a:n, -a:r |
| Conditional |
-teke |
-e:k |
| Neg.conditional |
-veke |
-w-e:k |
| Pres. participle |
-sore, -core
-jore |
-sor, -cor,-jor |
| past participle |
-isi,-si,-ci,
-ji, -sisi |
-si, -ci, -ji |
| Pres, infinitive |
-na |
- a, -i: |
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