7.8. Analysis |
7.8.1. Present Indicative |
The verb stems are followed by the present tense suffix, which, in turn, is followed by the personal endings.
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The present tense suffixes are -in and -int which are morphologically conditioned. While -in occurs the verb stem and before first and second personal pronominal endings, -int occurs before third personal pronominal endings.
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The present tense form is used to indicate the habitual aspect also.
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Morphophonemec Changes |
When followed by the present tense suffix the final nasal of the verb stems in, un, tin and pun are dropped and the preceding short vowel is lengthened.
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Examples: |
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Verb |
I and II person |
III person |
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tin- ‘to eat’ |
ti:h-in- |
ti:h-int- |
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pun- ‘to know’ |
pu:h-in- |
pu:h-int- |
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in- ‘to say’ |
i:h-in- |
i:h-int- |
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un- ‘to drink’ |
u:h-in- |
u:h-int- |
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ta:s- ‘to keep’ |
ta:s-in- |
ta:-int- |
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wi·s- ‘to leave’ |
wid-in |
wis-int- |
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ke:nj- ‘to hear’ |
ke:nj-in- |
ke:nj-int- |
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ko- ‘to write’ |
ko-in- |
‘ko-int- |
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mi:y- ‘to bathe’ |
mi:y-in- |
mi:y-int- |
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we:h ‘to tell’ |
we:h-in- |
we:h-int- |
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These present tense suffixes are followed by the pronominal endings (Set-I)
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Persons |
Singular |
Plural |
I |
-an |
-om |
II |
-i:/i:n |
-i:r/i: |
III Masculine |
-o:r |
-o:r |
III Non-masculine |
-a: |
-a: |
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