|
|
|
| imsa |
‘to melt’ |
ti-y-imsa |
‘do not melt’ |
| |
|
|
|
| imla |
‘to expect’ |
mi-y-imla |
‘not to expect’ |
| |
|
|
|
| usi |
‘to load’ |
mu-w-usi |
‘not to load’ |
| |
|
|
|
| ulu |
‘to excel’ |
tu-w-ulu |
‘do not excel’ |
| |
|
|
|
a u
|
‘to come’ |
au-y-a-li-y-as
|
‘was coming’ |
| |
|
|
|
| aci |
‘to eat’ |
aci-y-a-li-y-as
|
‘was eating’ |
| |
|
|
|
| àwa |
‘to swim’ |
àwa-w-oko |
‘had swam’ |
| |
|
|
|
| sòo
|
‘to cook’ |
sòo-w-oko
|
‘had cooked’ |
|
| Even though
there are sequences of identical vowels in the above examples,
one of the identical vowels is not deleted by the Identical
Vowel Deletion Rule. This is because one of the two vowels was
not identical basically and because identical by the Vowel
Assimilation Rule or by the Free Variation Rule. This rule
operates after the Identical Vowel Deletion Rule. |
| For example
: |
|
te+imsaàti+imsaà ti-y-imsa
(by vowel assimilation) |
|
sòo+ukoàsòo+okoà sò-w-oko
(by free variation) |
|
| 1.7.5.
Semi Vowel Rule : |
|
| The vowel /i/
becomes the semi-vowel /y/ after /o/. |
|
|
pá+iàpáy
‘he (nom)’ |
|
lá+iàláy
‘she (nom)’ |
|
ipá+iàipáy
‘toit’ |
|
|
2. Noun Morphology
|
|
| 2.1.
General Remarks : |
|
A simple word may be defined as ‘any sequence of phonemes of a
given language which belongs to a class of unlimited membership,
and which is not analyzable intoa combination containing a
shorter sequence belonging to a class of unlimited membership .
This means that ‘morphologically, a word may contain the root
alone or a root plus one or more affixes. |
|
|
Based on the above definition of Pittman the words in Ao may be
classified into five categories, viz., nouns, verbs, adjectives,
adverbs. However, there are functional morphemes like
determiners, conjunctives and post positions in Ao which must
also be considered as words even though they belong to a class
of limited membership because they are free forms in the sense
that they are written separately in Ao by the native speakers
unlike other morphemes like tense suffixes, which are bound
forms. |
|
|
The morphological processes found in a simple word, are
prefixation, suffixation and reduplication of syllables. Of
these, suffixation is the most frequent process. The general
morphophonemic changes that take place during these processes
have already been dealt with (see section 1.7.). They are given
in this |
|
|
3. Richard S. Pittman : ‘On Defining
Morphology and Syntax’ International Journal of AmericanLinguistics, Vol, XXV, No.3, July 1959. |
|
|
4. Biligiri, H.S. : Kharia, Deccan College
Post-Graduate and Research Institute,Poona, 1965 (P.35). chapter
also when discussing the allomorphs for the case of reference. |
|
