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A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF YERAVA
[j] occurs intervocally or when preceded by voiced consonants :
cácá
[cájá]
‘march’
mecì
[mejì]
‘knit’
cámci
[c
mji]
‘flute’
ca
ca
[ca
ja]
‘confirm’
[c] occurs elsewhere :
cá
[cá
]
‘buffalo’
co
[c
]
‘shield’
mokci
[m
kci]
‘hillock’
capca
[capca]
‘scorpion’
1.3.3. Fricatives :
1.3.3.1. /s/ is a voiceless alveolar fricative. This has two allophones [s] and [š], the latter is a voiceless palatal fricative.
[š]
occurs when followed by the vowel /i/ :
sì
[šì]
‘flesh, meat’
sím
[ším]
‘offer’
púsi
[rúši]
‘search for’
nási
[náši]
‘cow’
[s] occurs elsewhere :
s
[s
]
‘wood’
sùpu
[sùbu]
‘put on clothes’
ása
[ása]
‘chatter’
ìmsa
[ìmsa]
‘melt’
1.3.3.2. /z/ is a voiced alveolar fricative occuring initially and medially before non-front vowels :
z
tà
[z
d
]
‘count’
zàkc
[z
k
]
‘small pox’
áz
[áz
]
‘dog’
s
zàk
[s
z
k]
‘refresh’
1.3.4.
Nasals :
1.3.4.1. /m/ is a voiced bilabial nasal. It occurs in all the positions :
mí
[mí]
‘fire’
men
[men
]
‘laugh’
temu
[temu]
‘fat’
kùmá
[kùmà]
‘how (are they)’
k
m
[k
m]
‘year, age’
áyim
[áyim]
‘bleed’
1.3.4.2. /n/ is a voiced alveolar nasal. This occurs in all the positions :
ní
[ní]
‘I’
n
[n
]
‘yam’
aná
[aná]
‘two’
tení
[tení]
‘nose’
asàn
[as
n]
‘leak’
akin
[akin]
‘remove’
1.3.4.3. /
/ is a voiced velar nasal. This occurs in all the positions :
ampu
[
ambu]
‘cobra’
otep
[
d
p]
‘grit’
à
ó
[
]
‘see, find’
a
a
[a
a]
‘obey’
cá
[cá
]
‘buffalo’
s
[s
]
‘wood’
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mji]
ca
p]
]
