This -ko or -a: is followed by the present tense fo« of the auxiliary verb iru ‘to be’ and PNG.
ure-c-a:-ikkinj-PNG
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ureca:ikkinj-PNG
‘keep smearing’
aa-nd-a:-ikkinj-PNG
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aanda:ikkinj-PNG
‘keep measuring'
pa:r-i-ko-ikkinj-PNG
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pa:rikoikkinj-PNG
‘keep flying’
naa-t-i-ko-ikkinj-PNG
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naatikoikkinj-PNG
‘keep making walk’
ave eppa:u kai tinja:ikkinjo
1 2 3 4
‘He always keeps eating the food’
1 2 4 3
pakki eppa:u pa:rikoikkinjo
1 2 3
‘The bird always keeps flying’
1 2 3
(ii)Perfective
The perfective definitive aspect is formed by suffixing the present tense form of the verb iru ‘to be’ (a) to the verbs stem in case of the verbs taking -a as the adverbial participle marker and (b) to the past tense stem of the verb in case of the verbs taking -i as the adverbial participle marker.