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A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF YERAVA
B. MALLIKARJUN
Perfective
(i)   Present
The present perfective aspect is formed by suffixing the appellative verb with appropriate person-gender and number markers to the (a) past stem of the verbs in case of verbs taking -u as adverbial participle marker and (b) to the adverbial participle stem of the verb in case of verbs taking -i as the adverble participle marker.
naa-nd-u-PNG   >  
naandu-PNG
    ‘has walked’
nane-nj-u-PNG   >  
nanenju-PNG
    ‘has become wet'
ii-c-u-PNG   >  
iicu-PNG
    ‘has hit’
naa-t-i-u-PNG   >  
naatiu-PNG
    ‘has made to walk'
ke:-t-i-u-PNG   > (R. 3, 5)
ke:iu-PNG
    ‘has listened’
 
na:nu    u:indu    a: u:ruku    naandue
   1           2         3      4            5
 
‘I    have    walked    from    here    to     that    place’
1           5                  2                          3        4
 
ninga    parenjanokka    ave    ke:iua
  1                2             3           4
 
‘He    has    listened    to    what    all     you    told’
 3              4                                      1         2
 
(ii)   Past
The past perfective aspect is formed by suffixing the auxiliary verb -iru ‘to be’ with appropriate person-gender and number markers (a) to the past stem of the verb in case of verbs taking -u as adverbial participle marker and (b) to the adverbial participle stem of the verb in case of verbs taking -i as the adverbial pariciple marker.
 
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