/ danam1
pacati2/ |
`the rice1 cooks2’ |
| |
(itself but the cooking involves an agent)
|
|
2.5.3.1.3.
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Compound Stems :
|
|
These are polymorphemic stems whose constituent morphemes
are by themselves simple stems. The first constituent can either be a noun
or a verb. The second is always a noun.
|
| /kambą-/ |
`to work’ |
| work-do |
|
| /mčsyé-/ |
`to murder’ |
| man-kill |
|
| /hanįbó-/ |
`to return’ |
come-go
|
|
|
These are treated as compounds instead of phrases
primarily because -
|
|
(i)
|
There can always be and usually is an object NP
different from the noun in the compound in the sentence.
|
| (77) |
/taya 1
cyį m yą2
mčsyéliyą3/ |
| Nom Acc |
| `Tayang1 murdered3
his wife2 |
Lit : Tayang man-killed his wife.
|
|
|
(ii)
|
The interword pause does not occur between the
constituents of the compound.
|
|
(iii)
|
Adverbs, which have complete freedom of position of
occurrence, do not occur between the constituents of a compound verb.
|
| (78) |
/h 1
jyatįwčąym2
taya3
mčsyéliyą4/ |
| Nom Adv Acc man-kill-RemP |
`I1 killed4
Tayang3 mercilessly2’
|
|
If the adverb position is altered,
the sentence becomes ungrammatical. 78a is grammatical but 78b is not.
|
| (78a) |
| /h1
taya2
jyatįwčąym3
mčsyéliyą4/ |
`I1
killed4 Tayang2 mercilessly3’
|
|
| (78b) |
| */h
tayamč
jyatįwčąy mesyéliyą/ |
I-Nom Acc man Adv kill-RemP
|
|
|
(iv)
|
The morphophonemic rules that
operate at the intermorphemic boundaries in compounds are the same as those
that operate on derived stems and inflected stems.
|
|
(v)
|
At the syntactic level,
equi-NP-deletion
rules do not operate on the noun constituent of the compounds.
|
2.5.3.2.
|
Inflexion - Outer Structure of Verbs :
|
|
The stems described in the previous section may, in turn,
be modified, by various morphological processes, to produce inflected forms,
adding to the stem, notions of tense, mood, aspect, person, etc., without
basically modifying their semantic content. The person and number are not
verbal categories, but are termed concord, in what can be explained as the
reflexion of the number and person of the subject noun or
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