/t | -/
|
`to wear (clothes)’
|
|
(3) Instrument - Inclusive Verbs :
|
/kwag-/ |
`to hit (with hand)’ |
/aba-/ |
`to hit (with a weapon)’ |
/pi-/
|
`to cut (with an axe or a tusk, as an elephant does)’
|
|
(4) Place-Inclusive Verbs :
|
/bā-/ |
`to carry (as a child)’ |
/kaw-/ |
`to carry (as a spear)’ |
/pag-/ |
`to carry (piggyback)’ |
/glįg-/
|
`to carry (on head)’
|
|
(5) Path-Inclusive Verbs :
|
/pā-/
|
`to cross (on a bridge)’
|
|
2.5.2.2.
|
Semantic Classification :
|
It is necessary to classify the verbs semantically since
we draw upon these semantic characteristics to describe the morpho-syntactic
behavior of the verbs.
|
2.5.2.2.1
|
States :
|
A state is one conceived of as existing, rather than
happening, and as being continuous and unchanging throughout its duration.
They are specified as a condition, emotion, attribute or a quality. The
verbs require an experience or an object as the subject. |
(i) Existential Verb : |
There is only one such verb which specifies
the existence of or belongingness to the subject, entity or being.
|
/-/
|
`to be/to have’
|
|
(ii) Ambient State Verbs :
|
These are states which represent a
total environment in themselves without the need to refer to any being or
entity within the environment.
|
/jśw
-/ |
`to be cold’ |
/thayga-/
|
`to be hot’
|
|
(iii) Qualitative State Verbs : |
These are states which specify the
innate qualities or attributes.
|
/prą-/ |
`to be good’ |
/sy-/ |
`to be fair in complexion’ |
/lyō-/
|
`to be white’
|
|
(iv) Sensory State Verbs : |
These are states specified as mental
or physiological that can be experienced or perceived only by the speaker.
|
/nyņ-/ |
`to ache’ |
/masy
tyó-/
|
`to be hungry’ |
/dłka-/ |
`to be sad’ |
/heló-/
|
`to be happy’
|
|
These are psychological states which
represent the emotional relationships or perceptual abilities.
|