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without referring to anything specific within the environment. The sentence with a verb is nothing but just a predication. The subject, even if present, is an empty subject.

/kara-/ `to rain’
/wyg-/ `to eddy (as a whirlpool)’
/at-/ `to fall (as hailstones)’
/ablig-/

`to flash (as lightning)’

2.5.2.1.2.

Intransitive Verbs :
 
These require only a subject.

/w -/ `to bark’
/ -/ `to sleep’
/l-/ `to shine’
/bó-/
`to go’
 2.5.2.1.3.

 Transitive Verbs :
 
These require a subject and an object.

/thą-/ `to eat’
/hw-/ `to see’
/maró-/

`to speak’

 2.5.2.1.4. 

Recipient-Transitive Verbs :
 
These require a subject, an object and a dative object, i.e., a dative Noun Phrase whose case role is recipient.

/hak-/ `to show’
/ha-/ `to give’
/tś-/

`to sell’

Semantically the above classification can be described in terms of the number of arguments or cases that the verbs intrinsically require. The ambient verbs require only the predication and no arguments. The intransitive verbs require only one argument - an agent or an executor and an object. The recipient transitive verbs require three arguments - an agent or an executor and an object and a recipient goal. Examples are given below in the order of description.

(65)
/bilyį1   karaso2/
Loc [T]
`(it) rained2   yesterday1

(66)
/tįphrakõ1  wygą2/
Loc [P]
`(there is) a whirlpool2  in the river1

(67)
 /abligą/
`the lightning flashed’

(68)
/įmąõ1   atą2/
Loc [P]
`(there) is a hail storm  here1

(69)
/kwįg1   w ą2/
Nom [A]
`the dog1    barks2

(70)
/r 1    lą2/ `the Sun shines2’/
Nom [A]


 

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