without referring to anything
specific within the environment. The sentence with a verb is nothing but
just a predication. The subject, even if present, is an empty subject.
|
/kara-/ |
`to rain’ |
/wyg-/ |
`to eddy (as a whirlpool)’ |
/at-/ |
`to fall (as hailstones)’ |
/ablig-/
|
`to flash (as lightning)’
|
|
2.5.2.1.2.
|
Intransitive Verbs :
|
These require only a subject.
|
/w
-/ |
`to bark’ |
/
-/ |
`to sleep’ |
/lẽ-/ |
`to shine’ |
/bó-/
|
`to go’
|
|
2.5.2.1.3.
|
Transitive Verbs :
|
These require a subject and an object.
|
/thą-/ |
`to eat’ |
/hw-/ |
`to see’ |
/maró-/
|
`to speak’
|
|
2.5.2.1.4.
|
Recipient-Transitive Verbs :
|
These require a subject, an object and a dative object,
i.e., a dative Noun Phrase whose case role is recipient.
|
/hakẽ-/ |
`to show’ |
/ha-/ |
`to give’ |
/tś-/
|
`to sell’
|
|
Semantically the above classification can be
described in terms of the number of arguments or cases that the verbs
intrinsically require. The ambient verbs require only the predication and no
arguments. The intransitive verbs require only one argument - an agent or an
executor and an object. The recipient transitive verbs require three
arguments - an agent or an executor and an object and a recipient goal.
Examples are given below in the order of description.
|
(65) |
/bilyįgõ1
karaso2/ |
Loc [T] |
`(it) rained2 yesterday1’
|
|
(66) |
/tįphrakõ1 wygą2/ |
Loc [P] |
`(there is) a whirlpool2 in the
river1’
|
|
(67) |
/abligą/ |
`the lightning flashed’
|
|
(68) |
/įmąõ1 atą2/ |
Loc [P] |
`(there) is a hail storm2
here1’
|
|
(69) |
/kwįg1
w
ą2/ |
Nom [A] |
`the dog1 barks2’
|
|
(70) |
/r
1
lẽą2/
`the Sun shines2’/ |
Nom [A]
|
|