This chapter depicts the phonemic status of
the different speech sounds and tones of Mao which have been described in
the previous section. By phonemic status is meant the distinctive function a
speech sound or tone performs of keeping words [with their meanings] apart.
The contrastive pairs given below demonstrate the phonemic status of the
sounds concerned. Tones, vowels and consonants are dealt with in that order.
2.4.1.
TONES
The tones from high through low are symbolised in order by
acute, breve, macron and grave marks.
ōmó
‘female pudendum’
ōmŏ
‘brother-in-law’
ōmō
‘pumpkin’
ōmņ
‘1.
crops [generic]
2.
kindoffeathered biped’
dz
‘coax, cajole, wheedle [as children]’
[osa] dz
‘be short’
mo-dz
‘lay eggs’
dz
‘cut bamboo’
hś
‘1.
cut hair Naga style
2.
feed animals while rearing
3.
cut off the top of a gourd to convert it
into a container’
hŭ
‘sing while working’
hū
‘cover’
hł
‘1.dig
2. chase’
ōkś
‘muscle’
ōkŭ
‘measure of length, the distance between the tip of
thumb and the little finger stretched outwards’
ōkū
‘long flexible smooth feather at the rump of a
cock’
ōkł
‘squirrel-like animal with three lines running
along its body, to kill which is a social honour’
ōpr
‘danger’
ōpr
‘pod’
ōpr
‘bridge’
ōpr
‘1.spleen
2. needle’
2.4.1.1.
Grammatical Tone
Distinctions of a grammatical nature could be functions
of tone