| eft |
‘dip, dunk, sop,souse [vt]’ |
kā |
‘place with tropical / warm weather’ |
|
[ ] is the voiced, palatal fricative.
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It is produced the same way as [s] its voiceless congener,
except that the vocal folds come together and vibrate to produce ‘voice.’
The velic is raised to close off the nasal passage.
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It occurs initially and medially.
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|
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[x] is the breathed velar fricative.
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It is produced when the dorsum
of the tongue is raised to form a constriction with the
velum for the air to squeeze through. It occurs initially
and medially and invariably in free variation with [h] except
for one lexical item, viz., kaxi ‘two’
|
It is a marginal sound in the system.
|
|
xokri |
|
khuxu |
|
|
|
|
‘hen’ |
|
‘attack ; |
raid’ |
| ~ |
hokri |
|
~ |
khuhu |
|
|
|
|
oxi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
‘skin’ |
|
|
|
~ |
ohi |
|
|
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[h] is the voiceless glottal fricative.
|
It is produced when the vocal chords are
brought together just enough to obstruct the passage of air, but not
sufficient to produce voice. The result is glottal friction. The velic is
raised to close off the nasal passage.
|
It occurs initially and medially.
|
|
|
[m] is the bilabial nasal.
|
It is produced when the air stream from
the lungs is stopped at the lips which come together and is released
suddenly with plosion. The velic being at its usual position, the air
escapes through the nasal passsage simultaneously. The vocal folds come
together, vibrate to produce ‘voice.’
|
It occurs initially and medially.
|
mņbv |
‘echo’ |
īkhrÓm i |
‘bachelor’ |
| mālā |
‘foam,lather’ |
ōm |
‘female genital’ |
|
[m] is uttered with conspicuous
protrusion of lips before the central vowel []. |
khubu |
‘hole of the barrel seen from outside’ |
o |
‘mouth’ |
|
[n] is the lip-alveolar nasal.
|
| It is produced when the air stream from
the lungs is completely blocked by the tip of the tongue being raised to
touch the back part of the alveolum. In the case of the English alveolar
nasal, as in a word like nine, the articulating organ is the tip and the
blade together. The velic is lowered so air escapes through the nasal
passage simultaneously. The vocal folds come together, vibrate to produce
voice. |
| nōrō |
‘twig;switch;swish’ |
khēnąŏ |
‘bitter gourd’ |
|
|
|
|
nģn ĕ |
‘breast’ |
ōs mņnŏ |
‘type of millet, sticky and pleasant smelling’ |
|
[n] tends to be palatalized before high vowels
in general and the high front vowel in particular:
|
| Ńĭkrį Ńķ |
‘lime stone’ |
ōŃķ |
‘1. day |
2. soil’ |
| |
|
h Ńķ |
‘1. fog |
2. mist’ |
| |
|
khrņŃiĕ |
‘crescent moon’ |
| |
|
mņk*Ńĭ |
‘mud’ |
|
[ŋ] is the velar nasal
|
It is produced when the air stream from the
lungs is completely blocked by the dorsum of the tongue being raised to
touch the front part of the velum. Th velic is lowered so that air escapes
through the nose simultaneously. The vocal cords come together, vibrate to
produce voice.
|
h
pā
