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occur, usually the first vowel has the level tone and the second one other tones. The vowel [0] in these sequences of vowels is also in free variation with [w] and [v] as some speakers pronounce it with [w] as in [kwà] or [kwà] ‘open mouth’ (imp).

High front unrounded vowel has an on glide positional variant [yi] in the initial position and a lower high variant [U] in a first syllable of word with a falling tone on it.

The six simple vowels mentioned above are capable of showing three way opposition in tone. These are Falling, Rising and level tones.

Below, contrasting pairs are given for vowels. First, pairs are given in phonetic transcription, then in phonemic transcription. Contrasts for vowels are given in the following way :

1. Contrast on the basis of jaw height.

2. Contrast on the basis of lip position.

 
  Contrast for vowels :

 
  Contrast on the basis of jaw height
i and e

 
  Initially
 
 
 
1. [ynì] /nì/ we
[nì] /nì/ two
 
  Medially  
 
 
1. [lírù]
[lérì]
/lírù/
/lérì/ 
poor soil
harvest
2. [cílò]
[cérhà]
/cílò/
/cér
hà/
there
squirral
3. [míkhm]
[métà]
/míkhm/
/métà/
fireworship
state
 
  Finally  
 
 
1.
[mì]
[mé]
/mì/
/
mé/
fire
waste product
2.
[kì]
[k]
/kì/
/
k/
house
old things
3.
 [sì]
[sè]
/sì/
/
sè/
and
steel
 
  u and o

 
  Initially   
 
 
1.
[kónà]
[ó]
 /kónà/
/
ó/
circle 
younger brother
 
  Medially  
 
 
1.
[khri]
[khórì]
/khri/
/k
hórì/
Play
Sport
2.
[smpúrò]
[smpórò]
/smpúrò/
/s
mpórò/
old woman
old man
 
  Finally  
 
 
1.
[m]
[m]
/m/
 /
m/
bamboo thread
uncle
2.
[órù]
[rò]
/órù/
/rò/
bone
mother’s uncle’s son
 
  and a

 
  Initially  
 
 
1.
[hÜnà]
[hánà]
/hÜnà/
/hánà/
carry (Imp)
conceive (Imp)
(to become pregnant)
 
  Finally  
 
 
1.
[r]
[rà]
/rÜ/
/
rà/
intestine
illness

 

 

 

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