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9.3
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The order of morphemes in a finite verb is as follows : |
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Verb root ±
transitive suffix ±
causative suffix ±
motion suffix ±
transference suffix ±
negative suffix ±
tense suffix + person-number-gender suffix.
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vehn
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v.r. + pr. suf. |
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‘tells’
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| |
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vehpin -
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v.r. +caus. + pr.t.suf. |
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‘causes to tell’
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| |
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vestan -
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v.r. +transf.suf.+pr.t.suf. |
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‘tells me/you’
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vesta?an
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v.r.+trans.suf.+neg.suf. |
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‘does not tell me/you’
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vesta?anesi
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- v.r.+transf.suf.+neg.suf. |
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+pr.t.suf.+p.n.g.suf.
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‘(He) does not tell me/you’
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9.4
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One or more words form a syntactic unit called a phrase. A phrase does not
have a subject or predicate. A phrase can be either a noun phrase or a
verb phrase. |
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9.4.1.
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Noun phrase : |
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A noun phrase may have the following construction.
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9.4.1.1
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Simple noun. |
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illu
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‘house’
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ha?ala
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‘shed’
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9.4.1.2.
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Noun + noun. The first noun is an attribute to the second noun which is
the head noun. |
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ir?a illu
|
‘mud house’
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ko: i
ha?ala
|
‘cattle stall’
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|
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9.4.1.3.
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Pronoun + noun. The pronoun may be possessive, demonstrative, or
interrogative. |
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ma: illu
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‘our house’
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i: illu
|
‘this house’
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emminayi illu
|
‘which house’ |
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9.4.1.4
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Adjective + noun. The adjective may be a partitive,
determinative, descriptive or numeral. |
|
aa
manjihĩ
|
‘one ‘aa’
of rice’
|
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ha:runa ka:yahâ
|
‘many fruits’
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kajja illu
|
‘big house’
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|
ro maņisi
|
‘one man’
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9.4.2.
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Verb phrase : |
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A verb phrase may have the following construction.
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9.4.2.1.
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Simple verb |
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9.4.2.2.
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Object + verb |
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9.4.2.3.
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Adverb + verb |
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nehikihĩki:mu
|
‘do (it) well’
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9.4.2.4
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Object + adverb + verb |
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eva¸aki
nehikihĩ
hi:mu
|
‘give it carefully to him’
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