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PARTICLES
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7.0
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Particles are a class of morphemes which include connectives like
the subordinating or co-ordination conjunctions which are indeclinable.
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Particles also include clinics which are also an indeclinable class of
morphemes and which denote modalities.
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7.1
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Subordinators |
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Subordinators are a set of suffixes used to introduce a subordinate
clause or to join a subordinate clause to a main clause.
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7.1.1
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Conditional non-past |
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The form of a verb implying a condition is called the conditional. The
conditional suffix is-h It
is added to the past participles. When the conditional form of the verb is
used, the subject of the main verb is optionally deleted.
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na:nu ticcihĩ ha?
ĩ
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‘If I eat, I will go’
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udi ticcihĩ na:nu
ha? ĩ
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‘If she eats, I will go’
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evasi va:tihĩ ha:ţamu
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‘If he comes, call me’
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ayyasika maccihĩ ha:ţimu
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‘If the women are there
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call them’
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na:nu kamma kitiihĩi:kamma
ra:ne
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‘If I do this work it will finish’
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7.1.2
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Counter factual conditional |
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The form of the verb which implies that a conditional action counters a
statement of an event which would have taken place in the past. The suffix
-ma is added to the non-past conditional form of the verb. The finite verb
in the main clause is also followed by -ma. This is called the
counter-factual conditional.
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re?ila heţţihĩ
ma tatte?âma
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‘If I had seen yesterday, I would have bought’
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udi va:tihĩ ma
ivasi haccesima
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‘If she had come he would have gone’
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ni:nu tinjimaccihĩ
ma ma:ro haccayima
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‘If you had eaten, we would have gone’
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na:nu kugganahâ
kamma ki:tihĩ
ma e:kammara:tema
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‘If I had sat and done the work, the work would have finished’
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7.1.3.
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Temporal |
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7.1.3.0
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The form of the verb which refers to the time of an event in relation to
the time of the event in the main clause is temporal.
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7.1.3.1
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The temporal suffix is -aţi.
It is suffixed to the verb stem which consists of the root and the tense
suffix.
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na:nu gohnaţi
pa:ci? ĩ
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‘I sing when I drink’
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na:nu gostaţipa
:cciteni
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‘I sang when I drank’
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