accompanying. This case gives the meaning ‘with’
This may be seen in the following sentences :
1. a?e
a?e-a
suŋgu:ti-lo
seno-jan-a
he
he-case
friend wih
go-tense-cop
‘He went with his friend’
2. a?e
a?e-a
dayi-lo
a-te
bolo-jan-a
she
she-case
sister-case
house-case
enter-tense=cop
‘She entered the house with her sister’
3. aiŋ
aiŋ-a
suŋgu:ti-lo
taiken-a-iŋ
I
I-case
friend-case
stay-cop-PT
‘I was with my friend’
4. a?e
a?e-a
hake-lo
hi?i-jan-a
he
he-case
axe-case
come-tense-cop
‘He came with his axe’
5. a?e
a?e-a
datrum-lo
hi?i-jan-a
she
she-case
sickle-case
come-tense-cop
‘She came with her sickle’
4.1.7.7.
Instrumental case
The case marker is -te. This case gives the
sense of ‘with’ as the case associative, but this case tells about the
instrument with which an actionis performed. The case marker is added with
th eobject to use as an instrument to perform the action. If the instrument
itsel fperforms the action of a subject, the case marker is not added as in
ča:bikai
duara
i?la.
‘The key opened the door’. So, the case marker-lo is different from the case
marker -te though they give the same sense ‘with’. This may be seen in the
following sentences :
1. a?e
hake-te
darua
ma?-l-a
he
axe-
case tree
cut-tense-cop
‘He cut the tree with axe’
2. a?e
diri-te
guaa
rapu?t-l-a
she
stone-case
nut
break-tense-cop
‘She broke the nut with stone’
3. aiŋ
jalom-te
haia-ke
sa?p-l-i-a-iŋ
I
net-case
fish-case
catch-tense-cop-PT
‘I caught the fish with net’
4. a?e
diri-te a
bai
-ked-a
he
stone-case house
build
tense-cop
‘He built the house with stone’
5. aiŋ
:bikai-te
duara
¸
i?-l-a-iŋ
I
key-case
door
open-tense-cop-PT
‘I opened the door with key’
4.1.7.8.
Possessive case
This case expresses the possession of the noun.
There are three case markers to express the possessive case relation in this
language. They are, -a, -rea and -ren. The ecase marker -a is added with
proper noun and pronoun; the case marker -rea is added with singular noun;
and the case marker -ren is added with plural noun. All the three case
markers are given below with illustrations.
a-te
i
duar
i?la.
‘The key opened the door’. So, the case marker-lo is different from the case
marker -te though they give the same sense ‘with’. This may be seen in the
following sentences :
a
:bika
ia
