Download Apatani Book

 
lulu ‘something was spoiled because of talk’
   
mlu ‘some action was affected unfavorably because of another action’
   
bilu ‘some action was affected unfavorably because of giving’
‘lo’ is added to indicate the object of the action is moving down as a result of the action.
palo ‘cut down the branches of a tree so as to go down’
   
rilo ‘throw so that the object will go down’
‘la’ is added to indicate that the subject is an expert in the action identified by the verb.
lula ‘speak in skilful manner’
   
mla  ‘work in skilful manner’
   
rila ‘throw in skilful manner’
‘lyo’ is added to indicate that the action is done in an improper manner.
dlyo ‘eat in an improper manner’
   
ilyo ‘go in an improper manner’
   
ilyo ‘give  in an improper manner’
‘lya´’ is added to indicate that the action is done to rectify something when it is not in sound condition.
mlya ‘repair’
   
lulya ‘tell to make something alright’
   
bilya ‘give to make something alright’
   
palya ‘cut to make something alright’
‘ru’ is added to indicate the difficulty in carrying out the action identified by the verb.
luru ‘difficult to tell’
dru ‘difficult to eat’
mru ‘difficult to do’
biru ‘difficult to give’
‘re’ is added to indicate that the action is performed excessively.
lure ‘tell in excess’
   
mru ‘do in excess’
   
bire ‘give in excess’
‘ra’ is added to indicate the continuity of the action.
lura ‘continue to tell’
   
mra ‘continue to work’
   
ira ‘continue to walk’
‘sa’ is added to indicate that the action is done in a place away from both the speaker and hearer .
lusa ‘tell in a distant place’
   
mensa ‘kill in a distant place’
   
msa ‘do in a distant place’
 

 

Previous

Next

top

 
Apatani Index Page
 
FeedBack | Contact Us | Home
ciil grammar footer